The Fifth Modality: On Languages That Shape Our Motivations by Carl Roberts

By Carl Roberts
This can be a booklet approximately how humans comprehend one another. Like Simmel's writings and works written by means of Foucault and Goffman towards the ends in their careers, this ebook depicts interactions as behavioral varieties. Its novelty is that it grounds those kinds in linguistic constitution, really within the ubiquitous presence of modality in discourse inside all mass societies. Its concluding argument is that each one folks, occasions, and cultures have mutual value in keeping with 4 primary modal varieties: skill (most universal within the United States), necessity (most universal within the socialist international locations of Western Europe and Scandinavia), legal responsibility (most universal in old chinese language and Indic societies), and permission (most universal within the Islamic world).
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Extra info for The Fifth Modality: On Languages That Shape Our Motivations and Cultures
Example text
The frequency of such inconsistent readings will be reduced considerably if both interactants interpret ambiguous concepts in accordance with the same reality. On the one hand, reality may be a system within which public space consists of everything that “Is Not” until (or unless) it “Is”. On the other hand, it may be a field within which public space consists of everything that “Is” until (or unless) it “Is Not”. For instance, to gain consistency in their readings the decrepittrashcan’s owner must induce the trash handler to read the trashcan not as an occasion for participating within a system of trash removal but as a removal-worthy object within a field.
Frequently a known concept will be neither apparent nor vacant, but will be ambiguous in that only some of its aspects are sensed. When faced with such ambiguous stimuli, perceptions involve more than potentially shared “public” sensations of aspects. 1, the male (or female) character resides not solely in the drawings themselves, but has a historical “location” depending on the reader’s prior applications to the figure’s drawings of the known concept, “man” (or “woman”). This historical dimension follows from the constraint that as long as a concept remains ambiguous (and thus neither appears nor vacates), there is no change in whether the concept appeared more recently than it last vacated or vice versa.
Reality. The frequency of such inconsistent readings will be reduced considerably if both interactants interpret ambiguous concepts in accordance with the same reality. On the one hand, reality may be a system within which public space consists of everything that “Is Not” until (or unless) it “Is”. On the other hand, it may be a field within which public space consists of everything that “Is” until (or unless) it “Is Not”. For instance, to gain consistency in their readings the decrepittrashcan’s owner must induce the trash handler to read the trashcan not as an occasion for participating within a system of trash removal but as a removal-worthy object within a field.